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Ben-Gurion University of the Negev initiates project to eliminate intestinal worms in Ethiopia




A professor at The Faculty of Health Sciences at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) is beginning an intensive program in Ethiopia this August to eradicate intestinal worms which affect as much as 50 percent of the population in Africa. (2008-08-06)


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Human stem cells help brain-impaired mice
Injecting human stem cells into the brains of mice helped them recover almost fully from a neurological condition similar to a group of childhood diseases in people, researchers said.
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Mustard - hot stuff for natural pest control
Researchers, growers and Industry specialists from 22 countries will share the latest research into the use of Brassica species, such as mustard, radish, or rapeseed, to manage soil-borne pests and weeds - a technique known as biofumigation. (2008-07-28)
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How Does Bluetongue Virus Survive Through The Winter?
In 2006, Bluetongue virus -- which infects livestock -- reached Northern Europe for the first time. Some people thought that the outbreak would be limited to that particular year, as winter was expected to kill off the midges that host and spread the disease, bringing the threat of infection to an end. In actuality, the disease escalated in the following year, spreading to the UK. So, how did the virus survive the winter?
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A mechanistic view of genomic imprinting.
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A mechanistic view of genomic imprinting.

Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet. 2008;9:197-216

Authors: Sha K

Genomic imprinting results in the expression of genes in a parent-of-origin-dependent manner. The mechanism and developmental consequences of genomic imprinting are most well characterized in mammals, plants, and certain insect species (e.g., sciarid flies and coccid insects). However, researchers have observed imprinting phenomena in species in which imprinting of endogenous genes is not known to exist or to be developmentally essential. In this review, I survey the known mechanisms of imprinting, focusing primarily on examples from mammals, where imprinting is relatively well characterized. Where appropriate, I draw attention to imprinting mechanisms in other organisms to compare and contrast how diverse organisms employ different strategies to perform the same process. I discuss how the various mechanisms come into play in the context of the imprint life cycle. Finally, I speculate why imprinting may be more widely prevalent than previously thought.

PMID: 18767963 [PubMed - in process]

(Source: Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics)
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Birth characteristics and the risk of childhood leukaemias and lymphomas in new zealand: a case-control study
Background: Some studies have found that lower parity and higher or lower social class (depending on the study) are associated with increased risks of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Such findings have led to suggestions that infection could play a role in the causation of this disease. An earlier New Zealand study found a protective effect of parental marriage on the risk of childhood ALL, and studies elsewhere have reported increased risks in relation to older parental ages. This study aimed to assess whether lower parity, lower social class, unmarried status and older parental ages increase the risk of childhood ALL (primarily). These variables were also assessed in relation to the risks of childhood acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia, non-Hodgkins lymphomas and Hodgkins disease. Methods: A case control study was conducted. The cases were 585 children diagnosed with leukaemias or lymphomas throughout New Zealand over a 12 year period. The 585 age and sex matched controls were selected at random from birth records. Birth records from cases (via cancer registration record linkage) and from controls provided accurate data on maternal parity, social class derived from paternal occupation, maternal marital status, ages of both parents, and urban status based on the address on the birth certificate. Analysis was by conditional logistic regression. Results: There were no statistically significant associations overall between childhood ALL and parity of the mother, social class, unmarried maternal status, increasing parental ages (continuous analysis), or urban status. We also found no statistically significant associations between the risks of childhood acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, or Hodgkins disease and the variables studied. Conclusions: This study showed no positive results though of reasonable size, and its record linkage design minimised bias. Descriptive studies (eg of time trends of ALL) show that environmental factors must be important for some diagnoses. Work has been done on the risk of ALL in relation to chemicals (eg pesticides) and drugs, dietary factors (eg vitamins), electromagnetic fields and infectious hypotheses (to name some); but whether these or other unknown factors are truly important remains to be seen. (Source: BMC Blood Disorders)
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